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The Therapeutic Role of Pets in Senior Care

Pets are Amazing!!!  Whether it’s their ability to support, comfort, heal, entertain, or simply be a companion, they possess an innate quality of comfort different from any other.  It’s a natural, deep-seated trait that humans simply cannot duplicate or imitate.

In recent years, the research and understanding of how pets positively impact the lives of seniors has grown significantly. Pets, whether dogs, cats, birds, or even fish, offer companionship, reduce stress, and improve overall well-being. This is a fact that is true for most pet owners but for seniors, especially those living alone or in elder care homes, pets can be an imperative source of comfort and joy. This blog delves into the therapeutic role of pets in senior care, exploring the various benefits and considerations for incorporating pets into the lives of elderly individuals.

Companionship and Emotional Support

One of the most immediate and profound benefits of pet ownership or living with pets for seniors is companionship.  Many older adults experience feelings of loneliness and isolation.  Whether they live alone, with a spouse or in a group setting, these feelings can lead to depression and anxiety. Pets can provide constant companionship, helping to fill the emotional void that can occur when family members or friends are not nearby.

Case Study:  My Mom:  When she was living at “The Diggs”, (that’s what we called her Board & Care/RCFE as my Dad did not like the official term Board & Care), the home had a poodle named Kaibigan, Filipino for Friend.  

Kaibigan was instrumental in providing joy, comfort and constant snuggles to the residents.  Facility pets do require a calm and confident personality so as to comfort the elderly and not scare or injure them, so some may have official training and some, like Kaibigan can be natural therapy dogs.  My Mom often pet a sleeping Kaibigan in her lap and a noticeable peace surrounded her.  I knew the house dog was an important part of the serenity Mom needed so badly with her dementia.   Pets also offer cognitive benefits. Interacting with animals can stimulate the brain and help maintain mental functions. For seniors with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, pet therapy has been shown to reduce agitation and improve social interaction.

Pet Therapy Programs

Many senior living facilities, especially Skilled Nursing Facilities, (SNFs) have introduced pet therapy programs where trained, certified animals visit residents regularly. These programs not only provide comfort but also encourage socialization among residents. Pet Therapy has been seen to increase the mental and physical status of seniors.  The presence of pets can spark conversations, reduce feelings of isolation, and build a sense of community.  Many seniors look forward to the visits of their furry friends and have even been able to anticipate the timing of their visits when they have lost the ability to understand clocks.

Physical, Emotional and Mental Health Benefits

Owning or living with a pet often leads to increased physical activity, which is particularly beneficial for seniors who are able and capable of taking care of them. Daily activities such as walking a dog or playing with a cat encourage movement and exercise, therefore increasing activity helping to improve cardiovascular health, maintain a healthy weight, and reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.

Research has shown that seniors who own or live with pets tend to have lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels compared to those who do not have pets. The simple act of petting a dog or cat can trigger the release of serotonin and dopamine, hormones that play a role in feeling good and maintaining mental health.

The calming presence of pets can significantly reduce stress and anxiety. My Mom was proof of this.  The rhythmic motion of petting an animal can be soothing and help seniors relax. This is particularly beneficial for those who experience anxiety disorders or high levels of stress.  The Science Behind It —
Studies have demonstrated that spending time with pets can lower cortisol levels, the body’s primary stress hormone. This reduction in cortisol, combined with the increased release of oxytocin, often referred to as the “happy hormone,” helps create a calming effect that can alleviate symptoms of anxiety and stress.

Mental health is a crucial aspect of overall well-being, and pets can play a significant role in maintaining and improving it. For seniors dealing with depression, pets offer unconditional love and support. The responsibility of caring for an animal can also provide structure and routine, which are important for mental health.  However, it is crucial to remember that while the benefits of pet ownership for seniors are numerous, there are important considerations to keep in mind. Not every senior may be suited for pet ownership due to physical, financial, or lifestyle constraints. 

A.  Physical Limitations
Seniors with mobility issues or chronic pain may find it challenging to care for a pet, particularly active animals like dogs that require regular exercise. In such cases, less demanding pets, such as cats, birds, or fish, may be more suitable.  

B.  Financial Considerations
The cost of pet ownership can be a significant factor. Expenses such as food, veterinary care, grooming, and pet insurance can add up. It’s essential to ensure that the senior can afford these costs without compromising their own financial stability.

C.  Lifestyle Fit
The lifestyle and living situation of the senior should also be considered. Those living in apartments or senior living communities may face restrictions on pet ownership; such as size or weight of the pet, ability to care for the pet or full restriction of any pets. It’s important to choose a pet that fits well with the senior’s living environment and daily routine.

Alternatives to Pet Ownership

For seniors who may not be able to own a pet, there are alternatives that might still allow them to experience the benefits of animal companionship.

Pet Therapy Programs
As mentioned earlier, many senior care facilities offer pet therapy programs. These programs bring trained animals to visit seniors, providing them with the joy and comfort of interacting with pets without the responsibilities of ownership.  These pets often give residents occasions to look forward to visits with these pets.

Volunteering at Animal Shelters
Seniors who are physically able and interested in animals can volunteer at local animal shelters or rescues This allows them to spend time with animals, gain emotional benefits, and contribute to their community.

Family and Friends’ Pets
Seniors can also spend time with pets owned by family members or friends. Regular visits or pet-sitting can provide similar benefits to owning a pet without the long-term commitment.  My Mom loved our Great Dane.  She would sit in her chair watching TV and Hamlet would ever-so-gently, approach her and remove the tissue she always had in her breast pocket.  She would giggle every time seeing how large he was yet he was so tender with her, even though he outweighed her at 205 pounds.  She would get disappointed when we did not bring him to visit her-she genuinely missed him.

Conclusion

The therapeutic role of pets in senior care is undeniable. From providing companionship and emotional support to improving physical health and reducing stress, pets can significantly enhance the quality of life for seniors. While pet ownership may not be feasible for everyone, alternative options like pet therapy programs and volunteering at animal shelters or rescues ensure that all seniors have the opportunity to benefit from the positive impact of animals.

And One Final Note:   As an ardent and dedicated animal advocate, I implore everyone to take proactive steps in ensuring the well-being of their loved ones’ pets in case of an emergency; whether that emergency be a short-term hospital stay, a long-term care situation, or their passing.  Our pets are more than just animals; they are beloved members of our families who depend on us for their safety and care. So many of our loved ones cherish their pets and in times of crisis, the last thing they would want is for their cherished pets to be left vulnerable and without the support and family they need and deserve. 

Since working in animal rescue, I have seen far, far, far too often the lives of the elderlys’ pets turned upside-down, inside-out when their owner cannot care for them due to their health and/or living situation.  Remember – WE may understand what is happening, but they do not.  They become confused, depressed and shut-down many times.  They end up in loud, crowded shelters and put in cages hours after they were just in their warm loving homes with someone they love. 

Please take the time to create an emergency plan for your loved ones – and yourselves – that includes detailed instructions for the care of pets. Maybe a dedicated family member or close friend can take the pet and care for him.  Or, contact a Rescue to see if they could take in the pet to actively search for a loving home for her.  Animal shelters are another option, however, they cannot search for a home as Rescues can due to their capacity and limited staff.  Share this plan with trusted friends, family members, or neighbors who can step in if, suddenly care for them becomes an issue.  Make sure that your pets’ medical records, dietary needs, and favorite routines are documented and easily accessible. 

By preparing for any unexpected event, we can ensure that our furry friends continue to receive the love and care they deserve, no matter what happens and at the same time, honor an important wish of our elderly loved ones. Let’s act responsibly and compassionately, safeguarding the lives of those pets who bring us so much joy, loyalty and companionship. Remember, our pets are counting on us to protect them, just as they have always been there to comfort and support us.

At ForMyParentsCare.com, I am passionate about exploring and promoting the various ways pets can improve the lives of seniors and advocate for their care should the time arise. I truly believe in the magic of animals and their ability to aid our elderly in ways we humans cannot.  I encourage you to consider the unique needs and circumstances of your elderly loved ones when thinking about pet ownership or other forms of animal companionship.  Together, we can help ensure that our seniors live fulfilling, joyful, and healthy lives with the therapeutic support of pets by their side.